From db08fcbd27eda7032cc9098e1a40638e424d0531 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Mid <>
Date: Thu, 17 Jul 2025 21:02:10 +0300
Subject: [PATCH] End of an Era

---
 Makefile                                    |   6 +-
 README.md                                   |  14 +-
 examples/Allocator.nct                      |   5 +
 {tests => examples}/Exporter.nct            |   0
 examples/FarPointer.nct                     |   8 +
 {tests => examples}/HTTPFileServer.nct      |   0
 {tests => examples}/Importer.nct            |   0
 {tests => examples}/IrregularAllocation.nct |   0
 {tests => examples}/ListDLC.nct             |   0
 {tests => examples}/ListS.nct               |   0
 examples/ScalarReplacementOptimization.nct  |  14 +
 {tests => examples}/UDPEcho.nct             |   0
 {tests => examples}/UserListDLC.nct         |   3 +-
 {tests => examples}/arrays.nct              |   0
 {tests => examples}/bf.nct                  |   0
 {tests => examples}/bit-rounding.nct        |   0
 {tests => examples}/cat.nct                 |   0
 examples/countwords.nct                     |  48 +++
 {tests => examples}/funcdefs.nct            |   0
 {tests => examples}/functions.nct           |   0
 {tests => examples}/if.nct                  |   0
 {tests => examples}/loopregalloc.nct        |   4 +-
 {tests => examples}/lvl1localrecord.nct     |   0
 {tests => examples}/lvl1symbolrecord.nct    |   0
 {tests => examples}/lvl2localrecord.nct     |   0
 {tests => examples}/lvl2symbolrecord.nct    |   0
 {tests => examples}/mandelbrot.b            |   0
 {tests => examples}/mbr.nct                 |   0
 {tests => examples}/ops.nct                 |   0
 examples/parsenum.nct                       |  23 ++
 {tests => examples}/scoping.nct             |   0
 {tests => examples}/spill.nct               |   0
 {tests => examples}/stack.nct               |   0
 src/ast.c                                   | 342 ++++++++++++++++----
 src/ast.h                                   |   5 +
 src/ntc.c                                   |   1 +
 src/parse.c                                 |  85 ++++-
 src/scope.h                                 |  10 +-
 src/types.h                                 |   5 +
 src/x86/arch.c                              |  22 +-
 src/x86/arch.h                              |  29 +-
 src/x86/cg.c                                | 116 ++++---
 src/x86/dumberdowner.c                      |  20 +-
 43 files changed, 588 insertions(+), 172 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 examples/Allocator.nct
 rename {tests => examples}/Exporter.nct (100%)
 create mode 100644 examples/FarPointer.nct
 rename {tests => examples}/HTTPFileServer.nct (100%)
 rename {tests => examples}/Importer.nct (100%)
 rename {tests => examples}/IrregularAllocation.nct (100%)
 rename {tests => examples}/ListDLC.nct (100%)
 rename {tests => examples}/ListS.nct (100%)
 create mode 100644 examples/ScalarReplacementOptimization.nct
 rename {tests => examples}/UDPEcho.nct (100%)
 rename {tests => examples}/UserListDLC.nct (92%)
 rename {tests => examples}/arrays.nct (100%)
 rename {tests => examples}/bf.nct (100%)
 rename {tests => examples}/bit-rounding.nct (100%)
 rename {tests => examples}/cat.nct (100%)
 create mode 100644 examples/countwords.nct
 rename {tests => examples}/funcdefs.nct (100%)
 rename {tests => examples}/functions.nct (100%)
 rename {tests => examples}/if.nct (100%)
 rename {tests => examples}/loopregalloc.nct (82%)
 rename {tests => examples}/lvl1localrecord.nct (100%)
 rename {tests => examples}/lvl1symbolrecord.nct (100%)
 rename {tests => examples}/lvl2localrecord.nct (100%)
 rename {tests => examples}/lvl2symbolrecord.nct (100%)
 rename {tests => examples}/mandelbrot.b (100%)
 rename {tests => examples}/mbr.nct (100%)
 rename {tests => examples}/ops.nct (100%)
 create mode 100644 examples/parsenum.nct
 rename {tests => examples}/scoping.nct (100%)
 rename {tests => examples}/spill.nct (100%)
 rename {tests => examples}/stack.nct (100%)

diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index 007224f..3b938dc 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -8,15 +8,15 @@ DEPS := $(patsubst build/%.o,build/%.d,$(OBJECTS))
 
 PREFIX = /usr/local
 
-CFLAGS = $(if $(DEBUGA),-DDEBUG=1,) -Wall $(if $(ASAN),-fsanitize=address,) -fno-PIE -no-pie -std=gnu11 $(if $(DEBUG),-O0 -g,-Os -s) -fms-extensions -Isrc -Wno-array-bounds -MMD -MP -flto
+CFLAGS = $(if $(DEBUGA),-DDEBUG=1,) -Wall $(if $(ASAN),-fsanitize=address,) -fno-PIE -no-pie -std=gnu11 $(if $(DEBUG),-O0 -g,-Os -s) -fms-extensions -Isrc -Wno-array-bounds -MMD -MP -flto -Wno-format-zero-length
 
 .PHONY: install clean
 
 build/%.o: src/%.c
-	cc -c $(CFLAGS) -o $@ $<
+	$(CC) -c $(CFLAGS) -o $@ $<
 
 ntc: $(OBJECTS)
-	cc $(CFLAGS) -o ntc $(OBJECTS)
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o ntc $(OBJECTS)
 
 install: ntc
 	cp ./ntc $(PREFIX)/bin
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index c7759a0..d7cc083 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -31,7 +31,19 @@ This will be ported into a man page later:
 
 Unknown arguments are ignored.
 
-# Example
+# Example 1
+
+    $ ntc < tests/parsenum.nct > out.asm
+    $ nasm -f elf -o out.o out.asm
+    $ ld -dynamic-linker /lib/ld-linux.so.2 -m elf_i386 -o parsenum out.o -lc
+    $ printf "123" | ./parsenum
+    $ echo $?
+    123
+    $ printf "05" | ./parsenum
+    $ echo $?
+    5
+
+# Example 2
 
     $ ntc < tests/bf.nct > out.asm
     $ nasm -f elf -o out.o out.asm
diff --git a/examples/Allocator.nct b/examples/Allocator.nct
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ca5d2aa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/Allocator.nct
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+record Allocator {
+	u8* userdata;
+	u8*(u8* userdata, u8* original, u32 size) realloc;
+}
+
diff --git a/tests/Exporter.nct b/examples/Exporter.nct
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/Exporter.nct
rename to examples/Exporter.nct
diff --git a/examples/FarPointer.nct b/examples/FarPointer.nct
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1d027a7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/FarPointer.nct
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+u8 @far* x;
+u8 @far* y;
+
+loop {
+	u8 v = *x;
+	*y = v;
+	x.offset = x.offset + 1;
+}
diff --git a/tests/HTTPFileServer.nct b/examples/HTTPFileServer.nct
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/HTTPFileServer.nct
rename to examples/HTTPFileServer.nct
diff --git a/tests/Importer.nct b/examples/Importer.nct
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/Importer.nct
rename to examples/Importer.nct
diff --git a/tests/IrregularAllocation.nct b/examples/IrregularAllocation.nct
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/IrregularAllocation.nct
rename to examples/IrregularAllocation.nct
diff --git a/tests/ListDLC.nct b/examples/ListDLC.nct
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ListDLC.nct
rename to examples/ListDLC.nct
diff --git a/tests/ListS.nct b/examples/ListS.nct
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ListS.nct
rename to examples/ListS.nct
diff --git a/examples/ScalarReplacementOptimization.nct b/examples/ScalarReplacementOptimization.nct
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8c7c629
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/ScalarReplacementOptimization.nct
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+record X {
+	u32 a;
+	u32 b;
+}
+
+main: u0() -> {
+	X x;
+	x.a = 5;
+	x.b = 6;
+	
+	u32 c = x.a + x.b;
+	
+	return;
+};
diff --git a/tests/UDPEcho.nct b/examples/UDPEcho.nct
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/UDPEcho.nct
rename to examples/UDPEcho.nct
diff --git a/tests/UserListDLC.nct b/examples/UserListDLC.nct
similarity index 92%
rename from tests/UserListDLC.nct
rename to examples/UserListDLC.nct
index e771b50..d8c842a 100644
--- a/tests/UserListDLC.nct
+++ b/examples/UserListDLC.nct
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ use ListDLC;
 @instantiate ListDLC_add[u32, u32; 9];
 
 main: u0() -> {
+	ListDLC[u32, u32; 9] list;
 	ListDLC_add[u32, u32; 9](&list, 1234);
 	ListDLC_add[u32, u32; 9](&list, 4321);
 	ListDLC_add[u32, u32; 9](&list, 7777);
@@ -15,5 +16,3 @@ main: u0() -> {
 };
 
 @section(".bss");
-
-ListDLC[u32, u32; 9] list:;
diff --git a/tests/arrays.nct b/examples/arrays.nct
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/arrays.nct
rename to examples/arrays.nct
diff --git a/tests/bf.nct b/examples/bf.nct
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/bf.nct
rename to examples/bf.nct
diff --git a/tests/bit-rounding.nct b/examples/bit-rounding.nct
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/bit-rounding.nct
rename to examples/bit-rounding.nct
diff --git a/tests/cat.nct b/examples/cat.nct
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/cat.nct
rename to examples/cat.nct
diff --git a/examples/countwords.nct b/examples/countwords.nct
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..acf1c15
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/countwords.nct
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+@section(".data");
+
+local u8[33] finalstring: "The amount of words in stdin is: ";
+
+local u8[4] answer: "0000";
+
+@section(".text");
+
+extern s32() getchar;
+extern s32(s32, u8*, u32) write;
+
+increase: u0() -> {
+	answer[3] = answer[3] + 1;
+	if(answer[3] > 57) {
+		answer[3] = 48;
+		answer[2] = answer[2] + 1;
+		if(answer[2] > 57) {
+			answer[2] = 48;
+			answer[1] = answer[1] + 1;
+			if(answer[1] > 57) {
+				answer[1] = 48;
+				answer[0] = answer[0] + 1;
+				if(answer[0] > 57) {
+					answer[0] = 48;
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	
+	return;
+};
+
+main: u0() -> {
+	loop {
+		s32 c = getchar();
+		if(c == -1) {
+			break;
+		}
+		if(c == 32) {
+			increase();
+		}
+	}
+	
+	write(1, &finalstring, 33);
+	write(1, &answer, 4);
+	
+	return;
+};
diff --git a/tests/funcdefs.nct b/examples/funcdefs.nct
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/funcdefs.nct
rename to examples/funcdefs.nct
diff --git a/tests/functions.nct b/examples/functions.nct
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/functions.nct
rename to examples/functions.nct
diff --git a/tests/if.nct b/examples/if.nct
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/if.nct
rename to examples/if.nct
diff --git a/tests/loopregalloc.nct b/examples/loopregalloc.nct
similarity index 82%
rename from tests/loopregalloc.nct
rename to examples/loopregalloc.nct
index 02c685d..9173acd 100644
--- a/tests/loopregalloc.nct
+++ b/examples/loopregalloc.nct
@@ -1,9 +1,11 @@
 u8 a;
 
+a = 2;
+
 loop {
 	a = 3;
 	
 	u8 b = 1;
 	
 	u8 c = 2;
-}
\ No newline at end of file
+}
diff --git a/tests/lvl1localrecord.nct b/examples/lvl1localrecord.nct
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/lvl1localrecord.nct
rename to examples/lvl1localrecord.nct
diff --git a/tests/lvl1symbolrecord.nct b/examples/lvl1symbolrecord.nct
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/lvl1symbolrecord.nct
rename to examples/lvl1symbolrecord.nct
diff --git a/tests/lvl2localrecord.nct b/examples/lvl2localrecord.nct
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/lvl2localrecord.nct
rename to examples/lvl2localrecord.nct
diff --git a/tests/lvl2symbolrecord.nct b/examples/lvl2symbolrecord.nct
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/lvl2symbolrecord.nct
rename to examples/lvl2symbolrecord.nct
diff --git a/tests/mandelbrot.b b/examples/mandelbrot.b
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/mandelbrot.b
rename to examples/mandelbrot.b
diff --git a/tests/mbr.nct b/examples/mbr.nct
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/mbr.nct
rename to examples/mbr.nct
diff --git a/tests/ops.nct b/examples/ops.nct
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/ops.nct
rename to examples/ops.nct
diff --git a/examples/parsenum.nct b/examples/parsenum.nct
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..05e40b4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/parsenum.nct
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+@section(".data");
+
+u8 buf: 0;
+
+@section(".text");
+
+extern u0(u32) exit;
+extern s32(u32, u8*, u32) read;
+
+_start: u0() -> {
+	u16 value = 0;
+	
+	loop {
+		if(read(0, &buf, 1) != 1) {
+			break;
+		}
+		buf = buf - 48;
+		value = value * 10;
+		value = value + buf;
+	}
+	
+	exit(value);
+};
diff --git a/tests/scoping.nct b/examples/scoping.nct
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/scoping.nct
rename to examples/scoping.nct
diff --git a/tests/spill.nct b/examples/spill.nct
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/spill.nct
rename to examples/spill.nct
diff --git a/tests/stack.nct b/examples/stack.nct
similarity index 100%
rename from tests/stack.nct
rename to examples/stack.nct
diff --git a/src/ast.c b/src/ast.c
index 2928784..8c12fdf 100644
--- a/src/ast.c
+++ b/src/ast.c
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 #include"ntc.h"
 #include"reporting.h"
 #include"utils.h"
+#include"x86/arch.h"
 
 const char *AST_KIND_STR[] = { AST_KINDS(GEN_STRI) };
 
@@ -118,7 +119,7 @@ int ast_stmt_is_after(const AST *chunk, const AST *s1, const AST *s2) {
 	while(1) {
 		if(s && s->nodeKind == AST_STMT_LOOP) {
 			int i = ast_stmt_is_after(s->stmtLoop.body, s1, s2);
-			if(i != -1) {
+			if(i == 1 || (i == 0 && s1 != NULL)) {
 				return i;
 			}
 		}
@@ -134,7 +135,7 @@ int ast_stmt_is_after(const AST *chunk, const AST *s1, const AST *s2) {
 		
 		if(s->nodeKind == AST_STMT_IF) {
 			int i = ast_stmt_is_after(s->stmtIf.then, s1, s2);
-			if(i != -1) {
+			if(i == 1 || (i == 0 && s1 != NULL)) {
 				return i;
 			}
 		}
@@ -233,11 +234,19 @@ static void adduse(ScopeItem *vte, AST *use, AST *whole) {
 	
 	while(rd && rd->defCount == 0) rd = rd->parent;
 	
-	if(!rd) return;
-	
-	for(size_t d = 0; d < rd->defCount; d++) {
+	if(rd) {
+		for(size_t d = 0; d < rd->defCount; d++) {
+			UseDef *ud = calloc(1, sizeof(*ud));
+			ud->def = rd->defs[d];
+			ud->use = use;
+			ud->stmt = whole;
+			ud->next = NULL;
+			
+			rawadduse(vte, ud);
+		}
+	} else {
 		UseDef *ud = calloc(1, sizeof(*ud));
-		ud->def = rd->defs[d];
+		ud->def = NULL;
 		ud->use = use;
 		ud->stmt = whole;
 		ud->next = NULL;
@@ -316,9 +325,9 @@ static void mergedefsloop(AST *tlc, ScopeItem *vte, AST *daLoopStmt) {
 				udnew->use = ud->use;
 				udnew->stmt = ud->stmt;
 				
-				if(udnew->next == NULL) {
+				/*if(udnew->next == NULL) {
 					vte->data.var.usedefLast = udnew;
-				}
+				}*/
 			}
 			
 			ud = ud->next;
@@ -334,22 +343,47 @@ static void mergedefsloopall(AST *tlc, AST *daLoopStmt) {
 	}
 }
 
-static void ast_usedef_pass(AST *tlc, AST *a, AST *wholestmt) {
+struct UsedefPassState {
+	size_t loopDepth;
+};
+
+static void ast_usedef_pass(struct UsedefPassState *state, AST *tlc, AST *a, AST *wholestmt) {
 	if(a->nodeKind == AST_CHUNK) {
 		for(AST *s = a->chunk.statementFirst; s; s = s->statement.next) {
-			ast_usedef_pass(tlc, s, s);
+			ast_usedef_pass(state, tlc, s, s);
 		}
 	} else if(a->nodeKind == AST_STMT_IF) {
 		pushdefsall(tlc);
 		
-		ast_usedef_pass(tlc, a->stmtIf.expression, wholestmt);
-		ast_usedef_pass(tlc, a->stmtIf.then, wholestmt);
+		ast_usedef_pass(state, tlc, a->stmtIf.expression, wholestmt);
+		ast_usedef_pass(state, tlc, a->stmtIf.then, wholestmt);
 		
 		mergedefsall(tlc);
 	} else if(a->nodeKind == AST_STMT_LOOP) {
 		pushdefsall(tlc);
 		
-		ast_usedef_pass(tlc, a->stmtLoop.body, wholestmt);
+		state->loopDepth++;
+		
+		ast_usedef_pass(state, tlc, a->stmtLoop.body, wholestmt);
+		
+		state->loopDepth--;
+		
+		if(state->loopDepth == 0) {
+			for(size_t vi = 0; vi < tlc->chunk.varCount; vi++) {
+				ScopeItem *si = tlc->chunk.vars[vi];
+				
+				if(si->data.var.usedInLoop) {
+					if(ast_stmt_is_after(a->stmtLoop.body, si->data.var.declaration, si->data.var.declaration) == -1) {
+						if(ast_stmt_is_after(tlc, a, si->data.var.liveRangeStart) == 0) {
+							si->data.var.liveRangeStart = a;
+						}
+						si->data.var.liveRangeEnd = a;
+					}
+				}
+				
+				si->data.var.usedInLoop = false;
+			}
+		}
 		
 		mergedefsloopall(tlc, a);
 	} else if(a->nodeKind == AST_STMT_ASSIGN) {
@@ -357,32 +391,43 @@ static void ast_usedef_pass(AST *tlc, AST *a, AST *wholestmt) {
 			overwritedefs(a->stmtAssign.what->exprVar.thing, a);
 		}
 		
-		ast_usedef_pass(tlc, a->stmtAssign.what, wholestmt);
+		ast_usedef_pass(state, tlc, a->stmtAssign.what, wholestmt);
 		
 		if(a->stmtAssign.to) {
-			ast_usedef_pass(tlc, a->stmtAssign.to, wholestmt);
+			ast_usedef_pass(state, tlc, a->stmtAssign.to, wholestmt);
 		}
 	} else if(a->nodeKind == AST_STMT_EXPR) {
-		ast_usedef_pass(tlc, a->stmtExpr.expr, wholestmt);
+		ast_usedef_pass(state, tlc, a->stmtExpr.expr, wholestmt);
 	} else if(a->nodeKind == AST_EXPR_VAR) {
-		if(a->exprVar.thing->kind == SCOPEITEM_VAR) {
-			adduse(a->exprVar.thing, a, wholestmt);
+		ScopeItem *si = a->exprVar.thing;
+		
+		if(si->kind == SCOPEITEM_VAR) {
+			if(state->loopDepth > 0) {
+				si->data.var.usedInLoop = true;
+			}
+			
+			adduse(si, a, wholestmt);
+			
+			if(si->data.var.liveRangeStart == NULL) {
+				si->data.var.liveRangeStart = wholestmt;
+			}
+			si->data.var.liveRangeEnd = wholestmt;
 		}
 	} else if(a->nodeKind == AST_EXPR_BINARY_OP) {
-		ast_usedef_pass(tlc, a->exprBinOp.operands[0], wholestmt);
-		ast_usedef_pass(tlc, a->exprBinOp.operands[1], wholestmt);
+		ast_usedef_pass(state, tlc, a->exprBinOp.operands[0], wholestmt);
+		ast_usedef_pass(state, tlc, a->exprBinOp.operands[1], wholestmt);
 	} else if(a->nodeKind == AST_EXPR_UNARY_OP) {
-		ast_usedef_pass(tlc, a->exprUnOp.operand, wholestmt);
+		ast_usedef_pass(state, tlc, a->exprUnOp.operand, wholestmt);
 	} else if(a->nodeKind == AST_EXPR_CALL) {
-		ast_usedef_pass(tlc, a->exprCall.what, wholestmt);
+		ast_usedef_pass(state, tlc, a->exprCall.what, wholestmt);
 		
 		for(size_t p = 0; p < a->exprCall.what->expression.type->function.argCount; p++) {
-			ast_usedef_pass(tlc, a->exprCall.args[p], wholestmt);
+			ast_usedef_pass(state, tlc, a->exprCall.args[p], wholestmt);
 		}
 	} else if(a->nodeKind == AST_EXPR_PRIMITIVE) {
 	} else if(a->nodeKind == AST_EXPR_STRING_LITERAL) {
 	} else if(a->nodeKind == AST_EXPR_CAST) {
-		ast_usedef_pass(tlc, a->exprCast.what, wholestmt);
+		ast_usedef_pass(state, tlc, a->exprCast.what, wholestmt);
 	} else if(a->nodeKind == AST_EXPR_STACK_POINTER) {
 	} else if(a->nodeKind == AST_EXPR_EXT_SALLOC) {
 	} else if(a->nodeKind == AST_STMT_BREAK) {
@@ -391,20 +436,26 @@ static void ast_usedef_pass(AST *tlc, AST *a, AST *wholestmt) {
 	} else if(a->nodeKind == AST_STMT_EXT_ORG) {
 	} else if(a->nodeKind == AST_STMT_EXT_SECTION) {
 	} else if(a->nodeKind == AST_STMT_DECL) {
-		assert(a->stmtDecl.thing->kind != SCOPEITEM_VAR || a->stmtDecl.expression);
+		ScopeItem *si = a->stmtDecl.thing;
+		
+		//assert(si->kind != SCOPEITEM_VAR || a->stmtDecl.expression);
+		
+		if(si->kind == SCOPEITEM_VAR) {
+			assert(!si->data.var.declaration || si->data.var.declaration == a);
+			si->data.var.declaration = a;
+		}
 	} else if(a->nodeKind == AST_STMT_RETURN) {
 		if(a->stmtReturn.val) {
-			ast_usedef_pass(tlc, a->stmtReturn.val, wholestmt);
-		}
-	}  else if (a->nodeKind == AST_EXPR_EXT_SIZEOF) {
-		if (a->exprExtSizeOf.ofExpr) {
-			ast_usedef_pass(tlc, a->exprExtSizeOf.ofExpr, wholestmt);
+			ast_usedef_pass(state, tlc, a->stmtReturn.val, wholestmt);
 		}
 	} else {
 		stahp_node(a, "ast_usedef_pass: unhandled %s", AST_KIND_STR[a->nodeKind]);
 	}
 }
 
+char *ast_dump(AST *tlc);
+char *ast_dumpc(AST *tlc, AST *chu);
+
 void ast_usedef_reset(AST *chu) {
 	for(size_t i = 0; i < chu->chunk.varCount; i++) {
 		ScopeItem *vte = chu->chunk.vars[i];
@@ -414,11 +465,78 @@ void ast_usedef_reset(AST *chu) {
 		vte->data.var.reachingDefs = NULL;
 		vte->data.var.usedefFirst = NULL;
 		vte->data.var.usedefLast = NULL;
+		vte->data.var.liveRangeStart = NULL;
+		vte->data.var.liveRangeEnd = NULL;
 	}
 	
 	pushdefsall(chu);
 	
-	return ast_usedef_pass(chu, chu, NULL);
+	struct UsedefPassState state = {};
+	
+	ast_usedef_pass(&state, chu, chu, NULL);
+	
+	for(size_t i = 0; i < chu->chunk.varCount; i++) {
+		ScopeItem *vte = chu->chunk.vars[i];
+		
+		assert(vte->kind == SCOPEITEM_VAR);
+		
+		assert(!!vte->data.var.usedefFirst == !!vte->data.var.usedefLast);
+		assert(!!vte->data.var.usedefFirst == !!vte->data.var.liveRangeStart);
+		//assert(!!vte->data.var.liveRangeStart == !!vte->data.var.liveRangeEnd);
+	}
+	
+	if(ntc_get_int("pdbg")) {
+		char *astdump = ast_dump(chu);
+		fprintf(stderr, "### USEDEF GENERATED ###\n%s\n", astdump);
+		free(astdump);
+	}
+}
+
+static void ast_tlc_add_var(AST *tlc, ScopeItem *si) {
+	tlc->chunk.vars = realloc(tlc->chunk.vars, sizeof(*tlc->chunk.vars) * ++tlc->chunk.varCount);
+	tlc->chunk.vars[tlc->chunk.varCount - 1] = si;
+}
+
+/* Split away complex expression into a new local variable */
+static AST *varify(AST *tlc, AST *chunk, AST **stmtPrev, AST *stmt, AST *e) {
+	static size_t idx = 0;
+	
+	ScopeItem *vte = calloc(1, sizeof(*vte));
+	vte->kind = SCOPEITEM_VAR;
+	vte->type = e->expression.type;
+	vte->data.var.name = malp("$varify_%lu", idx++);
+	
+	ast_tlc_add_var(tlc, vte);
+	
+	// Alter AST
+	
+	ASTExprVar *ev[2];
+	for(int i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
+		ev[i] = calloc(1, sizeof(ASTExprVar));
+		ev[i]->nodeKind = AST_EXPR_VAR;
+		ev[i]->type = e->expression.type;
+		ev[i]->thing = vte;
+	}
+	
+	ASTStmtAssign *assign = calloc(1, sizeof(*assign));
+	assign->nodeKind = AST_STMT_ASSIGN;
+	assign->what = (AST*) ev[0];
+	assign->to = e;
+	
+	if(*stmtPrev) {
+		(*stmtPrev)->statement.next = (AST*) assign;
+	} else {
+		chunk->chunk.statementFirst = (AST*) assign;
+	}
+	assign->next = stmt;
+	*stmtPrev = (AST*) assign;
+	
+	// Reset ud-chain
+	
+	vte->data.var.usedefFirst = NULL;
+	vte->data.var.usedefLast = NULL;
+	
+	return (AST*) ev[1];
 }
 
 char *type_to_string(Type *t) {
@@ -456,7 +574,7 @@ char *type_to_string(Type *t) {
 	return strdup("@unimp");
 }
 
-static char *ast_dumpe(AST *e) {
+static char *ast_dumpe(AST *tlc, AST *e) {
 	if(e->nodeKind == AST_EXPR_PRIMITIVE) {
 		return malp("%i", e->exprPrim.val);
 	} else if(e->nodeKind == AST_EXPR_VAR) {
@@ -485,13 +603,13 @@ static char *ast_dumpe(AST *e) {
 		default:
 			abort();
 		}
-		char *c = ast_dumpe(e->exprUnOp.operand);
+		char *c = ast_dumpe(tlc, e->exprUnOp.operand);
 		char *r = malp("%s%s", op, c);
 		free(c);
 		return r;
 	} else if(e->nodeKind == AST_EXPR_BINARY_OP) {
-		char *a = ast_dumpe(e->exprBinOp.operands[0]);
-		char *b = ast_dumpe(e->exprBinOp.operands[1]);
+		char *a = ast_dumpe(tlc, e->exprBinOp.operands[0]);
+		char *b = ast_dumpe(tlc, e->exprBinOp.operands[1]);
 		const char *op;
 		switch(e->exprBinOp.operator) {
 		case BINOP_ADD:
@@ -568,7 +686,7 @@ static char *ast_dumpe(AST *e) {
 		}
 		
 		{
-			char *choonk = ast_dump(e->exprFunc.chunk);
+			char *choonk = ast_dumpc(tlc, e->exprFunc.chunk);
 			char *out2 = malp("%s) {\n%s}", out, choonk);
 			free(out);
 			free(choonk);
@@ -577,12 +695,12 @@ static char *ast_dumpe(AST *e) {
 		
 		return out;
 	} else if(e->nodeKind == AST_EXPR_CALL) {
-		char *w = ast_dumpe(e->exprCall.what);
+		char *w = ast_dumpe(tlc, e->exprCall.what);
 		char *out = malp("%s(", w);
 		free(w);
 		size_t argCount = e->exprCall.what->expression.type->function.argCount;
 		for(size_t i = 0; i < argCount; i++) {
-			char *a = ast_dumpe(e->exprCall.args[i]);
+			char *a = ast_dumpe(tlc, e->exprCall.args[i]);
 			char *out2 = malp(i == argCount - 1 ? "%s%s)" : "%s%s, ", out, a);
 			free(a);
 			free(out);
@@ -595,14 +713,14 @@ static char *ast_dumpe(AST *e) {
 		free(w);
 		return out;
 	} else if(e->nodeKind == AST_EXPR_CAST) {
-		char *a = ast_dumpe(e->exprCast.what);
+		char *a = ast_dumpe(tlc, e->exprCast.what);
 		char *b = type_to_string(e->exprCast.to);
 		char *out = malp("(%s as %s)", a, b);
 		free(a);
 		free(b);
 		return out;
 	} else if(e->nodeKind == AST_EXPR_DOT) {
-		char *a = ast_dumpe(e->exprDot.a);
+		char *a = ast_dumpe(tlc, e->exprDot.a);
 		char *out = malp(e->nodeKind == AST_EXPR_BINARY_OP ? "(%s).%s" : "%s.%s", a, e->exprDot.b);
 		free(a);
 		return out;
@@ -611,43 +729,41 @@ static char *ast_dumpe(AST *e) {
 	return malp("@unimp:%s", AST_KIND_STR[e->nodeKind]);
 }
 
-char *ast_dump(AST *tlc);
-
-static char *ast_dumps(AST *s) {
+static char *ast_dumps(AST *tlc, AST *s) {
 	if(s->nodeKind == AST_STMT_DECL) {
 		ScopeItem *vte = s->stmtDecl.thing;
 		
 		if(vte->kind == SCOPEITEM_SYMBOL) {
 			char *t = type_to_string(vte->type);
-			char *e = s->stmtDecl.expression ? ast_dumpe(s->stmtDecl.expression) : strdup("");
-			char *r = malp("%s%s %s: %s;\n", vte->data.symbol.isExternal ? "external " : "", t, vte->data.symbol.name, e);
+			char *e = s->stmtDecl.expression ? ast_dumpe(tlc, s->stmtDecl.expression) : strdup("");
+			char *r = malp("%s%s %s: %s;", vte->data.symbol.isExternal ? "external " : "", t, vte->data.symbol.name, e);
 			free(t);
 			free(e);
 			return r;
 		}
 	} else if(s->nodeKind == AST_STMT_ASSIGN) {
 		if(s->stmtAssign.to) {
-			char *a = ast_dumpe(s->stmtAssign.what);
-			char *b = ast_dumpe(s->stmtAssign.to);
-			char *r = malp("%s = %s;\n", a, b);
+			char *a = ast_dumpe(tlc, s->stmtAssign.what);
+			char *b = ast_dumpe(tlc, s->stmtAssign.to);
+			char *r = malp("%s = %s;", a, b);
 			free(a);
 			free(b);
 			return r;
 		} else {
-			char *a = ast_dumpe(s->stmtAssign.what);
-			char *r = malp("%s = ; /* fake def */\n", a);
+			char *a = ast_dumpe(tlc, s->stmtAssign.what);
+			char *r = malp("%s = ; /* fake def */", a);
 			free(a);
 			return r;
 		}
 	} else if(s->nodeKind == AST_STMT_LOOP) {
-		char *inner = ast_dump(s->stmtLoop.body);
-		char *c = malp("loop {\n%s}\n", inner);
+		char *inner = ast_dumpc(tlc, s->stmtLoop.body);
+		char *c = malp("loop {\n%s}", inner);
 		free(inner);
 		return c;
 	} else if(s->nodeKind == AST_STMT_IF) {
-		char *cond = ast_dumpe(s->stmtIf.expression);
-		char *inner = ast_dump(s->stmtIf.then);
-		char *c = malp("if(%s) {\n%s}\n", cond, inner);
+		char *cond = ast_dumpe(tlc, s->stmtIf.expression);
+		char *inner = ast_dumpc(tlc, s->stmtIf.then);
+		char *c = malp("if(%s) {\n%s}", cond, inner);
 		free(cond);
 		free(inner);
 		return c;
@@ -660,33 +776,55 @@ static char *ast_dumps(AST *s) {
 			name = s->stmtExpr.expr->exprVar.thing->data.symbol.name;
 		}
 		
-		return malp("%s; /* loop guard */\n", name);
+		return malp("%s; /* loop guard */", name);
 	} else if(s->nodeKind == AST_STMT_EXPR) {
-		return ast_dumpe(s->stmtExpr.expr);
+		return ast_dumpe(tlc, s->stmtExpr.expr);
 	} else if(s->nodeKind == AST_STMT_RETURN) {
 		if(s->stmtReturn.val) {
-			char *e = ast_dumpe(s->stmtReturn.val);
-			char *c = malp("return %s;\n", e);
+			char *e = ast_dumpe(tlc, s->stmtReturn.val);
+			char *c = malp("return %s;", e);
 			free(e);
 			return c;
 		} else {
-			return malp("return;\n");
+			return malp("return;");
 		}
 	}
 	
-	return malp("@unimp:%s\n", AST_KIND_STR[s->nodeKind]);
+	return malp("@unimp:%s;", AST_KIND_STR[s->nodeKind]);
 }
 
-char *ast_dump(AST *tlc) {
-	AST *stmt = tlc->chunk.statementFirst;
+static char *stmt_live_range_dbgs(AST *tlc, AST *stmt) {
+	char *ret = malp("");
+	for(size_t v = 0; v < tlc->chunk.varCount; v++) {
+		ScopeItem *si = tlc->chunk.vars[v];
+		
+		if(si->data.var.liveRangeStart == stmt) {
+			char *ret2 = malp("%s (%s start)", ret, si->data.var.name);
+			free(ret);
+			ret = ret2;
+		}
+		
+		if(si->data.var.liveRangeEnd == stmt) {
+			char *ret2 = malp("%s (%s end)", ret, si->data.var.name);
+			free(ret);
+			ret = ret2;
+		}
+	}
+	return ret;
+}
+
+char *ast_dumpc(AST *tlc, AST *chu) {
+	AST *stmt = chu->chunk.statementFirst;
 	
 	char *ret = malp("");
 	
 	while(stmt) {
-		char *new = ast_dumps(stmt);
-		char *ret2 = malp("%s%s", ret, new);
+		char *new = ast_dumps(tlc, stmt);
+		char *users = stmt_live_range_dbgs(tlc, stmt);
+		char *ret2 = malp("%s%s%s\n", ret, new, users);
 		free(ret);
 		free(new);
+		free(users);
 		ret = ret2;
 		
 		stmt = stmt->statement.next;
@@ -695,6 +833,10 @@ char *ast_dump(AST *tlc) {
 	return ret;
 }
 
+char *ast_dump(AST *tlc) {
+	return ast_dumpc(tlc, tlc);
+}
+
 static void *memdup(void *a, size_t len) {
 	void *r = malloc(len);
 	memcpy(r, a, len);
@@ -712,7 +854,10 @@ AST *ast_deep_copy(AST *src) {
 }
 
 AST *ast_cast_expr(AST *what, Type *to) {
-	if(what == NULL) goto fail;
+	if(what == NULL) {
+		stahp(0, 0, "NULL what passed to ast_cast_expr");
+		goto fail;
+	}
 	
 	/* Only exists at parse-time, hence not part of type system and is handled separately */
 	if(what->nodeKind == AST_EXPR_STRING_LITERAL) {
@@ -977,7 +1122,7 @@ static void ast_decompose_automatic_record(AST *tlc, ScopeItem *target) {
 }
 
 void ast_sroa(AST *tlc) {
-	for(size_t i = 0; i < tlc->chunk.varCount; i++) {
+	for(int i = 0; i < tlc->chunk.varCount; i++) {
 		ScopeItem *si = tlc->chunk.vars[i];
 		
 		if(!is_sroa_candidate(si)) {
@@ -994,6 +1139,67 @@ void ast_sroa(AST *tlc) {
 		tlc->chunk.varCount--;
 		
 		/* Restart */
-		i = 0;
+		i = -1;
 	}
 }
+
+static void ast_segmented_dereference_visitor(AST **aptr, AST *stmt, AST *stmtPrev, AST *chunk, AST *tlc, void *ud) {
+	if(tlc != ud) {
+		return;
+	}
+	
+	AST *n = *aptr;
+	if(n->nodeKind == AST_EXPR_UNARY_OP && n->exprUnOp.operator == UNOP_DEREF && type_is_segmented_pointer(n->exprUnOp.operand->expression.type)) {
+		static size_t idx = 0;
+		
+		AST *v;
+		if(n->exprUnOp.operand->nodeKind == AST_EXPR_VAR)
+			v = n->exprUnOp.operand;
+		else
+			v = varify(tlc, chunk, &stmtPrev, stmt, n->exprUnOp.operand);
+		
+		ScopeItem *si = calloc(1, sizeof(*si));
+		si->kind = SCOPEITEM_VAR;
+		si->type = primitive_parse("u16");
+		si->data.var.preclassed = true;
+		si->data.var.registerClass = REG_CLASS_DATASEGS;
+		si->data.var.precolored = true;
+		si->data.var.color = 0;
+		si->data.var.name = malp("$segtemp_%lu", idx++);
+		ast_tlc_add_var(tlc, si);
+		
+		ASTExprVar *ev = calloc(1, sizeof(*ev));
+		ev->nodeKind = AST_EXPR_VAR;
+		ev->type = si->type;
+		ev->thing = si;
+		
+		ASTExprDot *edseg = calloc(1, sizeof(*edseg));
+		edseg->type = n->exprUnOp.operand->expression.type->record.fieldTypes[0];
+		edseg->nodeKind = AST_EXPR_DOT;
+		edseg->a = v;
+		edseg->b = strdup("segment");
+		
+		ASTStmtAssign *ass = calloc(1, sizeof(*ass));
+		ass->nodeKind = AST_STMT_ASSIGN;
+		ass->what = (AST*) ev;
+		ass->to = (AST*) edseg;
+		ass->next = (AST*) stmt;
+		if(stmtPrev)
+			stmtPrev->statement.next = (AST*) ass;
+		else
+			chunk->chunk.statementFirst = (AST*) ass;
+		stmtPrev = (AST*) ass;
+		
+		ASTExprDot *ed = calloc(1, sizeof(*ed));
+		ed->type = n->exprUnOp.operand->expression.type->record.fieldTypes[1];
+		ed->nodeKind = AST_EXPR_DOT;
+		ed->a = ast_deep_copy(v);
+		ed->b = strdup("offset");
+		
+		n->exprUnOp.operand = (AST*) ed;
+	}
+}
+
+void ast_segmented_dereference(AST *tlc) {
+	generic_visitor(&tlc, NULL, NULL, tlc, tlc, tlc, ast_segmented_dereference_visitor, NULL);
+}
diff --git a/src/ast.h b/src/ast.h
index 43f4c72..64f044d 100644
--- a/src/ast.h
+++ b/src/ast.h
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 #define GEN_STRI(x) #x,
 
 #define AST_KINDS(K)			\
+	K(AST_MISSING)				\
 	K(AST_CHUNK)				\
 	K(AST_STMT_DECL)			\
 	K(AST_EXPR_PRIMITIVE)		\
@@ -361,4 +362,8 @@ void ast_commutativity_pass(AST *tlc);
 
 void ast_sroa(AST *tlc);
 
+// Convert segmented derefences like *x into segment move and *x.offset.
+// Must be done before ast_sroa.
+void ast_segmented_dereference(AST *tlc);
+
 #endif
diff --git a/src/ntc.c b/src/ntc.c
index 95517e6..c180827 100644
--- a/src/ntc.c
+++ b/src/ntc.c
@@ -94,6 +94,7 @@ int main(int argc_, char **argv_) {
 		free(astdump);
 	}
 	
+	ast_segmented_dereference(chunk);
 	ast_sroa(chunk);
 	dumben_pre(chunk);
 	dumben_go(chunk);
diff --git a/src/parse.c b/src/parse.c
index 6cca1a1..45f4c8e 100644
--- a/src/parse.c
+++ b/src/parse.c
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@
 #include<stdint.h>
 #include<signal.h>
 #include"ntc.h"
+#include"x86/arch.h"
 
 #ifndef __GNUC__
 static inline int __builtin_clzl(unsigned long x) {
@@ -39,8 +40,6 @@ typedef struct {
 	
 	// Used to place guard variable uses after loops to stop reg allocation from fucking up
 	Scope *loopScope;
-	size_t guardedVarCount;
-	ASTExprVar **guardedVars;
 	
 	// Used for generating statements that load & store arguments
 	int isInFunction;
@@ -144,7 +143,7 @@ static AST *exprvar(Parser *P, ScopeItem *v) {
 	a->exprVar.type = v->type;
 	a->exprVar.thing = v;
 	
-	if(P->loopScope) {
+	/*if(P->loopScope) {
 		// XXX: O(n)!!!!!!!!!
 		
 		int inloop = 0;
@@ -172,7 +171,7 @@ static AST *exprvar(Parser *P, ScopeItem *v) {
 				P->guardedVars[P->guardedVarCount++] = ev;
 			}
 		}
-	}
+	}*/
 	
 	return a;
 }
@@ -354,7 +353,13 @@ AST *nct_parse_expression(Parser *P, int lOP) {
 			astop->nodeKind = AST_EXPR_UNARY_OP;
 			astop->operator = UNOP_DEREF;
 			astop->operand = nct_parse_expression(P, lOP); /* Not +1! */
-			astop->type = astop->operand->expression.type->pointer.of;
+			
+			if(type_is_segmented_pointer(astop->operand->expression.type)) {
+				astop->type = astop->operand->expression.type->record.fieldTypes[1]->pointer.of;
+			} else {
+				assert(astop->operand->expression.type->type == TYPE_TYPE_POINTER);
+				astop->type = astop->operand->expression.type->pointer.of;
+			}
 			
 			return (AST*) astop;
 		} else if(maybe(P, TOKEN_AMPERSAND)) {
@@ -743,8 +748,34 @@ static Type *nct_parse_typename(Parser *P) {
 		goto backtrack;
 	}
 	
-	while(peek(P, 0).type == TOKEN_PAREN_L || peek(P, 0).type == TOKEN_STAR || peek(P, 0).type == TOKEN_SQUAREN_L) {
-		if(maybe(P, TOKEN_STAR)) {
+	while(peek(P, 0).type == TOKEN_PAREN_L
+		|| peek(P, 0).type == TOKEN_STAR
+		|| peek(P, 0).type == TOKEN_SQUAREN_L
+		|| (peek(P, 0).type == TOKEN_IDENTIFIER && !strcmp(peek(P, 0).content, "@far"))) {
+		
+		if(maybe(P, TOKEN_IDENTIFIER)) {
+			expect(P, TOKEN_STAR);
+			
+			TypeRecord *rec = calloc(1, sizeof(*rec));
+			rec->type = TYPE_TYPE_RECORD;
+			rec->name = malp("%s @far*", type_to_string(ret));
+			
+			rec->fieldCount = 2;
+			
+			rec->fieldTypes = calloc(2, sizeof(*rec->fieldTypes));
+			rec->fieldTypes[0] = primitive_parse("u16");
+			rec->fieldTypes[1] = type_pointer_wrap(ret);
+			
+			rec->fieldNames = calloc(2, sizeof(*rec->fieldNames));
+			rec->fieldNames[0] = malp("segment");
+			rec->fieldNames[1] = malp("offset");
+			
+			rec->fieldOffsets = calloc(2, sizeof(*rec->fieldOffsets));
+			rec->fieldOffsets[0] = 0;
+			rec->fieldOffsets[1] = 2;
+			
+			ret = (Type*) rec;
+		} else if(maybe(P, TOKEN_STAR)) {
 			TypePointer *ptr = calloc(1, sizeof(*ptr));
 			ptr->type = TYPE_TYPE_POINTER;
 			ptr->of = ret;
@@ -844,6 +875,7 @@ static Type *nct_parse_typename(Parser *P) {
 				P->scope = P->scope->parent;
 			}
 		}
+		
 	}
 	
 	if(generics) {
@@ -899,17 +931,22 @@ static AST *parse_declaration(Parser *P) {
 		entry->data.var.priority = 1;
 		entry->data.var.color = -1;
 		
-		ASTStmtAssign *assign = alloc_node(P, sizeof(*assign));
-		assign->nodeKind = AST_STMT_ASSIGN;
-		assign->next = NULL;
+		//ASTStmtAssign *assign = alloc_node(P, sizeof(*assign));
+		//assign->nodeKind = AST_STMT_ASSIGN;
+		//assign->next = NULL;
 		
-		//entry->data.var.reachingDefs = reachingdefs_push(NULL);
-		//reachingdefs_set(entry->data.var.reachingDefs, (AST*) assign);
+		//assign->what = exprvar(P, entry);
 		
-		assign->what = exprvar(P, entry);
-		assign->to = peek(P, 0).type == TOKEN_SEMICOLON ? NULL : ast_cast_expr(nct_parse_expression(P, 0), assign->what->expression.type);
+		AST *expr = peek(P, 0).type == TOKEN_SEMICOLON ? NULL : ast_cast_expr(nct_parse_expression(P, 0), entry->type);
+		//assign->to = expr;
 		
-		ret = (AST*) assign;
+		ASTStmtDecl *decl = alloc_node(P, sizeof(*ret));
+		decl->nodeKind = AST_STMT_DECL;
+		decl->thing = entry;
+		decl->next = NULL;
+		decl->expression = expr;
+		
+		ret = (AST*) decl;
 		
 	} else {
 		ASTStmtDecl *decl = alloc_node(P, sizeof(*ret));
@@ -1066,7 +1103,7 @@ static void nct_parse_statement(Parser *P) {
 		if(isFirstLoop) {
 			P->loopScope = NULL;
 			
-			for(size_t i = 0; i < P->guardedVarCount; i++) {
+			/*for(size_t i = 0; i < P->guardedVarCount; i++) {
 				ASTExprVar *ev = P->guardedVars[i];
 				
 				AST *es = alloc_node(P, sizeof(ASTStmtExpr));
@@ -1078,7 +1115,7 @@ static void nct_parse_statement(Parser *P) {
 			
 			P->guardedVarCount = 0;
 			free(P->guardedVars);
-			P->guardedVars = NULL;
+			P->guardedVars = NULL;*/
 		}
 		
 		return;
@@ -1290,6 +1327,18 @@ static void nct_parse_statement(Parser *P) {
 			// Don't pass declaration statements for generic functions, because they're useless
 			if(decl->nodeKind != AST_STMT_DECL || !type_is_generic(decl->stmtDecl.thing->type)) {
 				pushstat(P, decl);
+				
+				if(decl->stmtDecl.thing->kind == SCOPEITEM_VAR && decl->stmtDecl.expression) {
+					AST *expr = decl->stmtDecl.expression;
+					decl->stmtDecl.expression = NULL;
+					
+					ASTStmtAssign *ass = alloc_node(P, sizeof(*ass));
+					ass->nodeKind = AST_STMT_ASSIGN;
+					ass->next = NULL;
+					ass->what = exprvar(P, decl->stmtDecl.thing);
+					ass->to = expr;
+					pushstat(P, ass);
+				}
 			}
 			return;
 		}
@@ -1596,6 +1645,8 @@ ASTChunk *nct_parse_chunk(Parser *P, int isTopLevel, int varPrioritize, Scope *t
 	
 	/* Now actual parsing. */
 	
+	arch_add_hidden_variables(P->scope);
+	
 	while(peek(P, 0).type != TOKEN_EOF && peek(P, 0).type != TOKEN_SQUIGGLY_R) {
 		nct_parse_statement(P);
 	}
diff --git a/src/scope.h b/src/scope.h
index 60313b5..ad1c4a6 100644
--- a/src/scope.h
+++ b/src/scope.h
@@ -65,14 +65,16 @@ typedef struct ScopeItem {
 			bool precolored, preclassed;
 			int registerClass;
 			
-			// Used during parsing
-			
+			// Used by ast_usedef_pass
+			union AST *declaration;
 			ReachingDefs *reachingDefs;
-			
-			// Optimizations
+			bool usedInLoop;
 			
 			UseDef *usedefFirst;
 			UseDef *usedefLast;
+			
+			union AST *liveRangeStart;
+			union AST *liveRangeEnd;
 		} var;
 		struct {
 			Type *ptr;
diff --git a/src/types.h b/src/types.h
index 83ad614..a7ba157 100644
--- a/src/types.h
+++ b/src/types.h
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 #include<stddef.h>
 #include<stdint.h>
 #include<stdbool.h>
+#include<string.h>
 
 typedef enum {
 	TYPE_TYPE_PRIMITIVE, TYPE_TYPE_RECORD, TYPE_TYPE_POINTER, TYPE_TYPE_FUNCTION, TYPE_TYPE_ARRAY, TYPE_TYPE_GENERIC, TYPE_TYPE_ERROR
@@ -109,4 +110,8 @@ Type *type_shallow_copy(Type *t);
 
 bool type_is_generic(Type *t);
 
+static inline bool type_is_segmented_pointer(Type *type) {
+	return type->type == TYPE_TYPE_RECORD && !!strstr(type->record.name, " @far*");
+}
+
 #endif
diff --git a/src/x86/arch.c b/src/x86/arch.c
index bf84fc7..091f854 100644
--- a/src/x86/arch.c
+++ b/src/x86/arch.c
@@ -9,15 +9,15 @@ RegisterClass REG_CLASSES[] = {
 	},
 	[REG_CLASS_NOT_8]		=	{
 		.rMask = HWR_GPR, .w = 2, .p = 4,
-		.rs = {HWR_AX, HWR_EAX, HWR_BX, HWR_EBX, HWR_CX, HWR_ECX, HWR_DX, HWR_EDX, HWR_DI, HWR_EDI, HWR_SI, HWR_ESI},
-		.rsN = {"ax", "eax", "bx", "ebx", "cx", "ecx", "dx", "edx", "di", "edi", "si", "esi"},
-		.rsS = {2, 4, 2, 4, 2, 4, 2, 4, 2, 4, 2, 4},
+		.rs = {HWR_AX, HWR_EAX, HWR_BX, HWR_EBX, HWR_CX, HWR_ECX, HWR_DX, HWR_EDX, HWR_DI, HWR_EDI, HWR_SI, HWR_ESI, HWR_BP, HWR_EBP},
+		.rsN = {"ax", "eax", "bx", "ebx", "cx", "ecx", "dx", "edx", "di", "edi", "si", "esi", "bp", "ebp"},
+		.rsS = {2, 4, 2, 4, 2, 4, 2, 4, 2, 4, 2, 4, 2, 4},
 	},
 	[REG_CLASS_16_32]		=	{
 		.rMask = HWR_GPR, .w = 2, .p = 4,
-		.rs = {HWR_AX, HWR_EAX, HWR_BX, HWR_EBX, HWR_CX, HWR_ECX, HWR_DX, HWR_EDX},
-		.rsN = {"ax", "eax", "bx", "ebx", "cx", "ecx", "dx", "edx"},
-		.rsS = {2, 4, 2, 4, 2, 4, 2, 4},
+		.rs = {HWR_AX, HWR_EAX, HWR_BX, HWR_EBX, HWR_CX, HWR_ECX, HWR_DX, HWR_EDX, HWR_BP, HWR_EBP},
+		.rsN = {"ax", "eax", "bx", "ebx", "cx", "ecx", "dx", "edx", "bp", "ebp"},
+		.rsS = {2, 4, 2, 4, 2, 4, 2, 4, 2, 4},
 	},
 	[REG_CLASS_IND]			=	{
 		.rMask = HWR_IND, .w = 2, .p = 2,
@@ -27,15 +27,15 @@ RegisterClass REG_CLASSES[] = {
 	},
 	[REG_CLASS_IA16_PTRS]	=	{
 		.rMask = HWR_IND | HWR_BX,
-		.rs = {HWR_DI, HWR_SI, HWR_BX},
-		.rsN = {"di", "si", "bx"},
-		.rsS = {2, 2, 2},
+		.rs = {HWR_DI, HWR_SI, HWR_BX, HWR_BP},
+		.rsN = {"di", "si", "bx", "bp"},
+		.rsS = {2, 2, 2, 2},
 	},
 	[REG_CLASS_DATASEGS]	=	{
-		.rMask = HWR_IND | HWR_BX,
+		.rMask = HWR_SEGREGS,
 		.rs = {HWR_DS, HWR_ES, HWR_FS, HWR_GS},
 		.rsN = {"ds", "es", "fs", "gs"},
-		.rsS = {2, 2, 2},
+		.rsS = {2, 2, 2, 2},
 	},
 };
 
diff --git a/src/x86/arch.h b/src/x86/arch.h
index 5aeb71e..ec6bc2d 100644
--- a/src/x86/arch.h
+++ b/src/x86/arch.h
@@ -17,11 +17,12 @@
 #define HWR_DH 128
 #define HWR_DI 256
 #define HWR_SI 512
+#define HWR_BP 1024
 
-#define HWR_DS 1024
-#define HWR_ES 2048
-#define HWR_FS 4096
-#define HWR_GS 8192
+#define HWR_DS 2048
+#define HWR_ES 4096
+#define HWR_FS 8192
+#define HWR_GS 16384
 
 #define HWR_AX (HWR_AL | HWR_AH)
 #define HWR_BX (HWR_BL | HWR_BH)
@@ -35,12 +36,15 @@
 
 #define HWR_EDI HWR_DI
 #define HWR_ESI HWR_SI
+#define HWR_EBP HWR_BP
 
-#define HWR_GPR (HWR_EAX | HWR_EBX | HWR_ECX | HWR_EDX)
+#define HWR_GPR (HWR_EAX | HWR_EBX | HWR_ECX | HWR_EDX | HWR_EDI | HWR_ESI | HWR_EBP)
 #define HWR_IND (HWR_EDI | HWR_ESI)
 #define HWR_ALL (HWR_GPR | HWR_IND)
 
-#define MAX_REGS_PER_CLASS 12
+#define HWR_SEGREGS (HWR_DS | HWR_ES | HWR_FS | HWR_GS)
+
+#define MAX_REGS_PER_CLASS 16
 typedef struct RegisterClass {
 	uint32_t rMask;
 	uint16_t w;
@@ -286,3 +290,16 @@ static inline WhysItBad_Huh x86_test_mul(AST *stmtPrev, AST *stmt) {
 	
 	return GUCCI;
 }
+
+static inline void arch_add_hidden_variables(Scope *scope) {
+	/*if(!scope_find(scope, "@seg_ds")) {
+		ScopeItem *si = calloc(1, sizeof(*si));
+		si->type = primitive_parse("u16");
+		si->kind = SCOPEITEM_VAR;
+		si->data.var.preclassed = true;
+		si->data.var.registerClass = REG_CLASS_DATASEGS;
+		si->data.var.precolored = true;
+		si->data.var.color = 0;
+		scope_set(scope, "@seg_ds", si);
+	}*/
+}
diff --git a/src/x86/cg.c b/src/x86/cg.c
index 5cee188..e0908c6 100644
--- a/src/x86/cg.c
+++ b/src/x86/cg.c
@@ -215,11 +215,11 @@ static const char *xop(AST *tlc, AST *e) {
 	return xop_sz(tlc, e, type_size(e->expression.type));
 }
 
-static int ud_empty(ScopeItem *a) {
+static int lr_empty(ScopeItem *a) {
 	assert(a->kind == SCOPEITEM_VAR);
-	assert(!a->data.var.usedefFirst == !a->data.var.usedefLast);
+	//assert(!a->data.var.liveRangeStart == !a->data.var.liveRangeEnd);
 	
-	return !a->data.var.usedefFirst;
+	return !a->data.var.liveRangeStart;
 }
 
 void cg_chunk(CGState *cg, AST *a) {
@@ -250,61 +250,71 @@ void cg_chunk(CGState *cg, AST *a) {
 				printf("align %u\n", val);
 			}
 			
-		} else if(s->nodeKind == AST_STMT_DECL && s->stmtDecl.thing->kind == SCOPEITEM_SYMBOL) {
+		} else if(s->nodeKind == AST_STMT_DECL) {
+			
 			ScopeItem *v = s->stmtDecl.thing;
 			
-			if(v->data.symbol.isExternal) {
-				// Do nothing.
-				// All external symbols are handled at once in the top-level chunk.
-				//printf("extern %s\n", v->data.symbol.name);
-			} else {
-				if(!v->data.symbol.isLocal) {
-					printf("global %s\n", v->data.symbol.name);
-				}
+			if(v->kind == SCOPEITEM_SYMBOL) {
 				
-				if(s->stmtDecl.expression) {
-					printf("%s:", v->data.symbol.name);
-					if(v->type->type == TYPE_TYPE_PRIMITIVE) {
+				if(v->data.symbol.isExternal) {
+					// Do nothing.
+					// All external symbols are handled at once in the top-level chunk.
+					//printf("extern %s\n", v->data.symbol.name);
+				} else {
+					if(!v->data.symbol.isLocal) {
+						printf("global %s\n", v->data.symbol.name);
+					}
 					
-						assert(s->stmtDecl.expression->nodeKind == AST_EXPR_PRIMITIVE);
+					if(s->stmtDecl.expression) {
+						printf("%s:", v->data.symbol.name);
+						if(v->type->type == TYPE_TYPE_PRIMITIVE) {
 						
-						printf("%s %i", direct(type_size(v->type)), s->stmtDecl.expression->exprPrim.val);
-						
-					} else if(v->type->type == TYPE_TYPE_ARRAY && v->type->array.of->type == TYPE_TYPE_PRIMITIVE) {
-					
-						printf("%s ", direct(type_size(v->type->array.of)));
-						for(size_t i = 0; i < v->type->array.length; i++) {
-							printf("%i,", s->stmtDecl.expression->exprArray.items[i]->exprPrim.val);
-						}
-						
-					} else if(v->type->type == TYPE_TYPE_FUNCTION) {
-						
-						putchar('\n');
-						
-						assert(s->stmtDecl.expression->nodeKind == AST_EXPR_FUNC);
-						
-						// Generic functions have non-NULL code blocks
-						if(!type_is_generic(s->stmtDecl.expression->expression.type)) {
+							assert(s->stmtDecl.expression->nodeKind == AST_EXPR_PRIMITIVE);
 							
-							ast_sroa(s->stmtDecl.expression->exprFunc.chunk);
+							printf("%s %i", direct(type_size(v->type)), s->stmtDecl.expression->exprPrim.val);
 							
-							dumben_pre(s->stmtDecl.expression->exprFunc.chunk);
-							
-							dumben_go(s->stmtDecl.expression->exprFunc.chunk);
-							while(!cg_go(s->stmtDecl.expression->exprFunc.chunk)) {
-								dumben_go(s->stmtDecl.expression->exprFunc.chunk);
+						} else if(v->type->type == TYPE_TYPE_ARRAY && v->type->array.of->type == TYPE_TYPE_PRIMITIVE) {
+						
+							printf("%s ", direct(type_size(v->type->array.of)));
+							for(size_t i = 0; i < v->type->array.length; i++) {
+								printf("%i,", s->stmtDecl.expression->exprArray.items[i]->exprPrim.val);
 							}
 							
-						}
-						
-					} else abort();
-					putchar('\n');
-				} else {
-				
-					printf("%s resb %lu\n", v->data.symbol.name, type_size(s->stmtDecl.thing->type));
+						} else if(v->type->type == TYPE_TYPE_FUNCTION) {
+							
+							putchar('\n');
+							
+							assert(s->stmtDecl.expression->nodeKind == AST_EXPR_FUNC);
+							
+							// Generic functions have non-NULL code blocks
+							if(!type_is_generic(s->stmtDecl.expression->expression.type)) {
+								
+								ast_segmented_dereference(s->stmtDecl.expression->exprFunc.chunk);
+								
+								ast_sroa(s->stmtDecl.expression->exprFunc.chunk);
+								
+								dumben_pre(s->stmtDecl.expression->exprFunc.chunk);
+								
+								dumben_go(s->stmtDecl.expression->exprFunc.chunk);
+								while(!cg_go(s->stmtDecl.expression->exprFunc.chunk)) {
+									dumben_go(s->stmtDecl.expression->exprFunc.chunk);
+								}
+								
+							}
+							
+						} else abort();
+						putchar('\n');
+					} else {
 					
+						printf("%s resb %lu\n", v->data.symbol.name, type_size(s->stmtDecl.thing->type));
+						
+					}
 				}
+				
+			} else if(v->kind == SCOPEITEM_VAR) {
+				assert(s->stmtDecl.expression == NULL);
 			}
+			
 		} else if(s->nodeKind == AST_STMT_ASSIGN && s->stmtAssign.to && s->stmtAssign.what->nodeKind == AST_EXPR_VAR && s->stmtAssign.what->exprVar.thing->kind == SCOPEITEM_VAR && s->stmtAssign.to->nodeKind == AST_EXPR_CALL) {
 			
 			AST *e = s->stmtAssign.to;
@@ -502,13 +512,13 @@ typedef ScopeItem *Adjacency[2];
 
 static bool var_collision(AST *tlc, ScopeItem *v1, ScopeItem *v2) {
 	/* 1D intersection test */
-	bool liveRangeIntersection = !ud_empty(v1) && !ud_empty(v2) && (
-		(ast_stmt_is_after(tlc, v1->data.var.usedefFirst->stmt, v2->data.var.usedefFirst->stmt) == 1
-			&& ast_stmt_is_after(tlc, v2->data.var.usedefLast->stmt, v1->data.var.usedefFirst->stmt) == 1)
+	bool liveRangeIntersection = !lr_empty(v1) && !lr_empty(v2) && (v1->data.var.liveRangeStart == v2->data.var.liveRangeStart || (
+		(ast_stmt_is_after(tlc, v1->data.var.liveRangeStart, v2->data.var.liveRangeStart) == 1
+			&& ast_stmt_is_after(tlc, v2->data.var.liveRangeEnd, v1->data.var.liveRangeStart) == 1)
 		||
-		(ast_stmt_is_after(tlc, v1->data.var.usedefLast->stmt, v2->data.var.usedefFirst->stmt) == 1
-			&& ast_stmt_is_after(tlc, v2->data.var.usedefLast->stmt, v1->data.var.usedefLast->stmt) == 1)
-	);
+		(ast_stmt_is_after(tlc, v1->data.var.liveRangeEnd, v2->data.var.liveRangeStart) == 1
+			&& ast_stmt_is_after(tlc, v2->data.var.liveRangeEnd, v1->data.var.liveRangeEnd) == 1)
+	));
 	
 	bool resourceIntersection = (REG_CLASSES[v1->data.var.registerClass].rMask & REG_CLASSES[v2->data.var.registerClass].rMask) != 0;
 	
@@ -840,7 +850,7 @@ cont:;
 		
 		ScopeItem *chosen = NULL;
 		for(ssize_t i = a->chunk.varCount - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
-			if(!vars[i]->data.var.precolored && vars[i]->data.var.registerClass == mustSpillRegisterClass) {
+			if(vars[i]->data.var.registerClass == mustSpillRegisterClass && !vars[i]->data.var.precolored) {
 				chosen = vars[i];
 				break;
 			}
diff --git a/src/x86/dumberdowner.c b/src/x86/dumberdowner.c
index e4d3b1a..2bf28c2 100644
--- a/src/x86/dumberdowner.c
+++ b/src/x86/dumberdowner.c
@@ -85,11 +85,14 @@ static void mark_ptr(AST *a) {
 }
 
 struct DumbenState {
+	AST *targetTLC;
 	int effective;
 };
 static void dumben_visitor(AST **nptr, AST *stmt, AST *stmtPrev, AST *chu, AST *tlc, void *ud) {
 	struct DumbenState *this = ud;
 	
+	if(this->targetTLC != tlc) return;
+	
 	AST *s = *nptr;
 	
 	if(s->nodeKind == AST_STMT_IF) {
@@ -540,13 +543,19 @@ void dumben_pre(AST *tlc) {
 		free(astdump);
 	}
 	
-	bool success;
+	struct DenoopState state = {.targetTLC = tlc};
 	do {
-		success = false;
-		generic_visitor(&tlc, NULL, NULL, tlc, tlc, &success, denoop_visitor, NULL);
-	} while(success);
+		state.success = false;
+		generic_visitor(&tlc, NULL, NULL, tlc, tlc, &state, denoop_visitor, NULL);
+	} while(state.success);
 	
 	ast_commutativity_pass(tlc);
+	
+	if(ntc_get_int("pdbg")) {
+		char *astdump = ast_dump(tlc);
+		fprintf(stderr, "### AFTER DENOOP ###\n%s\n", astdump);
+		free(astdump);
+	}
 }
 
 void dumben_go(AST* tlc) {
@@ -556,8 +565,7 @@ void dumben_go(AST* tlc) {
 			stahp(0, 0, "TOO MANY DUMBS. TOO MANY DUMBS.");
 		}
 		
-		struct DumbenState state;
-		memset(&state, 0, sizeof(state));
+		struct DumbenState state = {.targetTLC = tlc};
 		
 		generic_visitor(&tlc, NULL, NULL, tlc, tlc, &state, dumben_visitor, NULL);